spectator: can be used for one that attends an exhibition, performance, or entertainment which does not involve an appeal to the sense of hearing: ~s at a football game; more broadly it denotes one who is felt to be wholly apart from whatever is presented to the attention: considered herself a ~ in the game of life.      注意for的用法be used for     她感觉自己只是生命游戏的看客(旁观者)


observer: may or may not imply an intent to see, but usually suggests that one attends closely to details and often keeps a record of them: earned a reputation as a keen ~ of current mores.  风俗习惯=customs and behavior  intent明确目标，解释原文的意思是说observe不一定有明确正式的目标，但一定是注意细节并通常做记录的


beholder: sometimes carries a strong implication of watching or regarding intently and often applicable to one who has looked intently upon a person or thing and obtained a clear and accurate impression: a judgment left to the eye of the ~.



looker-on,onlooker: suggest casualness or detachment and lack of participation: there was a great crowd of ~s-on at the fire; the surgeon refused to operate in the presence of on-~s.


witness: specifically denotes one who has firsthand knowledge and therefore is competent to give testimony: presented a set of ~es who had lived through the tragedy.


eyewitness: more explicitly implies actual sight as the source of knowledge: there were no ~es of the collision.注意as的用法


bystander: primarily denotes one who stands by when something is happening: the policeman took the names of all the ~s; or as merely being present at a place: a ~ was injured in the explosion.    注意as用法，上句是imply as,这句是denote as，用法类似: 表示...为



kibitzer: specifically applies to one who watches a card game by looking over the shoulders of the players and who may annoy them by offering advice; it may also apply to an on-looker who meddles or makes unwelcome suggestions: a group composed equally of players and ~s.    这个词很少见，但不难记，根据发音，"能读就能写"     (meddle多管闲事,未得到别人允许to be officious, acting without right or permission of those properly concerned,如they tolerate no meddling in their affairs他们不允许别人多管闲事)


spectator观众或旁观者: 指参加不需要听觉的活动的人(如展览表演娱乐)，或表示感觉眼前和自己完全无关的人，observer观察者: 表示密切注意细节，并通常作记录的人，beholder专注看清楚的人: 表示专注地注视某物，得到清晰准确印象的人，looker-on,onlooker旁观者: 表示随意看置身事外的人，witness证人: 具有第一手信息，可以做证的人，eyewitness目击证人: 明确表明信息来自亲眼目睹，bystander旁观者: 意思是站在旁边，或只是在场(看的)人，kibitzer看人打牌乱出主意，闲谈: 特指旁观纸牌游戏并乱出主意的人


记忆方法: 1）首字母soblowebk想成bekos BLOW因为爆炸<==观众


         2）观众的意思是观看的人mean one who sees or looks upon something.